Top 25 Selenium Webdriver Commands

It covers almost all selenium webdriver commands with syntax. This tutorial acts as your guide to all important Selenium Webdriver commands.

1. Browser Commands

Browser commands are the basic commands in Selenium. These commands are the starting point of your selenium script. Browser commands are used to launch browser, maximize it, open url and close browser etc. 

Syntax of all browser commands:

/**************************
 * Browser Commands       * 
 **************************
 */

// Set Path of driver executable
String driver_executable_path = "./src/com/techlistic/utils/geckodriver.exe";
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", driver_executable_path);


// Launch Browser - Creating a Firefox instance
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

// For Chrome
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

// For Safari
WebDriver driver = new SafariDriver();

// For Opera
WebDriver driver = new OperaDriver();

// For IE
WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();


// Open URL 
driver.get("https://www.techlistic.com/");

// Or
String url = "https://www.techlistic.com/";
driver.get(url);


// Get Title
driver.getTitle();

// Code implementation
String pageTitle = driver.getTitle();
// Validate Page Title
if(pageTitle == "Techlistic - Home") 
{
 System.out.println("Test Passed.");
}
else 
{
 System.out.println("Test Failed.");
}


// Get Current URL
driver.getCurrentUrl();

//Code implementation
String pageURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();

// Validate Current Page URL
if(pageURL == "https://www.techlistic.com/p/selenium-tutorials.html") 
{
 System.out.println("Test Passed.");
}
else 
{
 System.out.println("Test Failed.");
}


// Get Page Source
driver.getPageSource();

// Or
String sourceCode = driver.getPageSource();


// Close Current Browser Window
driver.close();

// Close All Browser Windows
driver.quit();


// Maximize Browser
driver.manage().window().maximize();

// Make Browser Window Full Screen
driver.manage().window().fullscreen();

// Minimize the browser
driver.manage().window().setPosition(new Point(0, -1000));

// Set Size of browser
driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(1920, 1080));

For detailed description refer Browser Commands with Program Example

2. Browser Navigation Commands

These commands are used to move forward and back using browser history.

Syntax for browser navigation commands:

/***************************

 * Browser Navigation Commands     *
 ***********************************
 */

// Navigate Forward
driver.navigate().forward();

// Navigate Back
driver.navigate().back();

// Refresh Page
driver.navigate().refresh();

// Naviagte directly to some URL (which might be external or internal in the website)
driver.navigate().to("https://www.techlistic.com/p/java.html");

3. Find Element Commands

These commands are used to find the gui elements on the web page.

Syntax for all find element commands:

/**************************
 * Find Element Commands  * 
 **************************
*/

// Find Single WebElemnt
driver.findElement(arg0);

// Find Multiple WebElements, it returns a list of WebElements
driver.findElements(arg0);

// Find by different locators
driver.findElement(By.className("class-name"));

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("some-css-selctor"));

driver.findElement(By.id("some-id"));

driver.findElement(By.linkText("some-link-text"));

driver.findElement(By.name("some-name"));

driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("some-partial-link-text"));

driver.findElement(By.tagName("some-html-tag-name"));

driver.findElement(By.xpath("some-xpath-expression"));

// Find web element and store value in WebElement variable for re-usability
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("/some/xpath");

For detailed information refer Find Element Commands with Program Example

4. Wait Commands

Wait commands are used to tell Selenium that for how much time it has to wait for an element on a web page before throwing ElementNotFound exception. Or in simple words we can say it is the expected time to load the page or element on the page.

Syntax for Wait Commands:

/********************************
 *  Wait Commands               *
 ********************************
 *   a. Implicit Wait
 *   b. Explicit Wait
 *   c. Fluent Wait
 */

// Implicit wait - Set wait of 10 seconds
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

// Explicit Wait
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); 
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());


// Fluent Wait
Wait wait = new FluentWait(WebDriver reference)
  .withTimeout(timeout, SECONDS)
  .pollingEvery(timeout, SECONDS)
  .ignoring(Exception.class);

WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function() {
 public WebElement applyy(WebDriver driver) {
  return driver.findElement(By.id("foo"));
 }
});

5. Web Form Commands

These commands are used to perform basic gui actions like., enter text, click and select dropdowns.

Syntax for all web form commands:

/********************************
 *  Form Commands               *
 ******************************** 
 */

/* sendKeys()
 *  This command is used for entering value in a Text box
 */
driver.findElement(By.xpath("/some/xpath")).sendKeys("Some Value");


// OR
// Implementation with Webelement
WebElement FIRSTNAME =  driver.findElement(By.xpath("/some/xpath"));
FIRSTNAME.sendKeys("Any Text value");


// Clear Command - to clear the already filled data in text box
driver.findElement(By.xpath("/some/xpath")).clear();


/* getText() Command
 *  This command is used to get value/text from a webelement
 */
String textValue = driver.findElement(By.xpath("/some/xpath")).getText();


/* Click Command
 *  click() 
 */
driver.findElement(By.xpath("/some/xpath")).click();



/* Select Class
 *  selectByIndex()
 *  selectByVisibleText()
 *  selectByValue()
 */
WebElement DROP_DOWN = driver.findElement(By.xpath("/select"));

// Create object of Select Class
Select select1 = new Select(DROP_DOWN);

// Option 1
select1.selectByIndex(2);

// Option 2
select1.selectByVisibleText("Edam");

For detailed tutorial refer - Web Form Commands with Program Example

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