Selenium WebDriver automates web browsers by locating and interacting with web elements such as buttons, text boxes, links, dropdowns, and more. The key to reliable automation is choosing the right locator strategy and using the findElement() and findElements() methods effectively. Why Locators Matter Web pages are collections of HTML elements, and Selenium needs a way to pinpoint the exact element you want to interact with. Locators are selectors used by WebDriver to identify elements on the page. Using effective locators makes your tests stable, fast, and maintainable . Selenium supports multiple strategies to locate elements using the By class. Most strategies are built into findElement() and findElements() calls. Selenium Locator Types (With Examples) The most commonly used locator strategies supported by WebDriver are: 1. ID Locator — Most Preferred IDs are meant to be unique on a page, making this locator the fastest and most stable. Java Example WebElement username ...